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The aim of this study is to conduct a knowledge acquisition through the analysis of the backscattering characteristics of different earth surface features in Central Mongolia using the C-band and L-band SAR images in relation to the surface characteristics and system parameters. The backscatter values of different land features are compared on the basis of statistics of the signatures of the selected classes. The study demonstrated that the ERS-2 SAR and JERS-1 SAR data can be successfully used for the knowledge acquisition as well as the investigation of different land surface features, however, in order to perform thorough analyses, one should have knowledge about the study area and sufficient ground truth data.