Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the urban land use and cover changes of Ulaanbaatar city using very high resolution remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) data sets. For the study, the changes that occurred in Ulaanbaatar before 1990 are compared with the changes that occurred after 1990 and the socio-economic reasons for the changes are described. Overall, the study demonstrates that in recent decades Ulaanbaatar city is urbanized very rapidly and there is a need to reconsider its planning and management.