Greenhouse gases (GHGs) released from permafrost regions may have positive feedback on climate change, but there is much uncertainty about additional warming from the permafrost carbon cycle. One of the main reasons for this uncertainty is that the observation data for large-scale GHG fluxes are sparse, especially for peatlands with rapid permafrost degradation. This study (1) evaluated the seasonal variation of carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes from peatlands in the permafrost region; (2) analyzed the organic carbon content of the soil (SOCC); and (3) estimated emission factors (EFs) for peatlands. CO2 fluxes were measured at 100 study sites in four different study areas such as the natural area, the fall/summer use area, the spring/winter use area, and the mixed-use area. CO2 was measured with an EGM-4 instrument with a chamber. Soil samples were collected from the surface at 30 cm depth at all sites. The result showed that the CO2 fluxes ranged between 1.0 µmol/m-2/s-1 and 21.8 µmol/m-2/s-1at 100 study sites in the spring season, while it ranged between 3.0 µmol/m-2/s-1and 35.8 µmol/m-2/s-1 in the summer season. CO2 fluxes showed lower values in autumn than in the other two seasons, which may depend on many factors of climate conditions. There were significant seasonal variations in CO2 fluxes in four different areas. To do so, the EFs in the peatlands were calculated at 169.30 g [CO2] m-2 year-1 (standard error ± 8.93), and 8.91 g [CH4] m-2 year-1 (standard error ± 0.47). More detailed research is needed to develop EFs for peatlands in the Mongolian permafrost region. Then it could be used for the inventory of greenhouse gases in land use areas such as peatlands at the national level.
